Schedule

• Here is a link to the Ripes simulator demoed in lecture.
• Our one-page guide to RISC-V.
• (Not light reading, but the real deal on the design of RISC-V) Andrew Waterman's PhD Thesis, "Design of the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecuture" https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~krste/papers/EECS-2016-1.pdf

• Here is a link to the Ripes simulator demoed in lecture.
• Our one-page guide to RISC-V.
• Enjoy Danny Cohen's article Holy Wars and a Plea for Peace on the history of little-endian vs. big-endian.

• Our one-page guide to RISC-V.
• Brush up on C basics (syntax, data types, operators, control structures) via your favorite C reference; sections 1-2 of Nick Parlante's EssentialC; or chapters 1, 2, and 3 of K&R. Skip content on I/O and standard libraries (we are bare metal!)
• Read Dennis Ritchie's account of the history of C
• Try out the Compiler Explorer demoed in lecture
• Read our guides on make and gcc

• Review EssentialC chapters 3 and 6 (postpone heap and memory management for later) or K&R 5.1-5.4.
• C volatile can be subtle and tricky. See GeeksForGeeks advice on correct use and John Regehr's blog on what NOT to do with volatile

• Read up on C functions (Chapter 4 in K&R, or Section 4 in Essential C).

• Read about characters and strings, IO functions (putc,puts,printf), and structures (Sections 1.5, 1.6, 1.9, 5.5, 6, 7 in K&R; or Section 3 in EssentialC). C-strings are primitive compared to Java/C++ strings; take note of the manual effort required to use and pitfalls to avoid.
• Poul-Henning Kamp's essay on The Most Expensive One-byte Mistake. Did Ken, Dennis, and Brian choose wrong with NUL-terminated text strings?
• Read Sparkfun's tutorial on serial communication.

• Read David Welch's articles on baremetal programming and bss data.

• Read our overview of stack frames
• Review dynamic memory allocation (malloc/free in C) and the operation of the heap (K&R 5.6-5.9 or Essential C Section 6). Consider the comparison/contrast between stack and heap allocation and use cases for each.

We've crossed the halfway point! We will use this lecture to catch-up/expand on lecture content covered lightly on first pass, and discuss how to further your mastery of C.

Readings:

• Google style guide for C/C++ code: https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html
• Read code! Our code, your code, other published code,… Some selected projects to browse:
  • https://github.com/dwelch67/raspberrypi, David Welch baremetal examples
  • https://opensource.apple.com, Apple OpenSource
  • https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/GNU, Free Software Foundation (GNU)
  • https://musl.libc.org, Musl C library
• The masters share their best practices in the book "Beautiful Code: Leading Programmers Explain How They Think" https://www.amazon.com/dp/0596510047

• Read Adam Chapweske's overview of the PS/2 protocol for keyboards and mice.
• Neat video from Ben Eater demonstrating how to read PS/2 scancode via breadboard wizardry. He does it all in hardware, thankfully easier for us in software!

• cdecl for unraveling C types
• Documentation for Mango Pi Display Engine
• HDMI spec

In this first lecture on interrupts, we'll focus on the low-level mechanics and what needs to happen at the assembly level to enable and process an interrupt.

Readings:

• RiscV ISA Manual Vol II

Now we move up to the higher-level abstractions for interrupts, including library support for managing interrupt handlers and best practices for interrupt-safe code.

Readings:

• From D-1H User Manual: hstimer, gpio interrupts
• Source for library reference modules: interrupts.c, gpio_interrupt.c, ringbuffer.c, hstimer.c

Aditri, Ben, Frances, and Haley will offer guidance and inspiration on how to achieve a satisfying and successful final project!

Reading gpio inputs, how electrical signals can be used to observe physical phenomena, analog to digital conversion, protocols I2C and SPI.

Readings:

• Wikipedia entry analog-to-digital conversion
• Readings for i2c and spi protocols, sample driver code in project code extras
• An excellent reference book for exploring sensors is "Make: Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 3: Sensors" by Charles Platt and Fredrik Jansson. You can access the online version via Stanford Libraries Safari Books portal https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/13211489.

Controlling gpio outputs, pulse-width modulation (PWM), I2S protocol for digital sound input/output.

Readings:

• Wikipedia entry pulse width modulation
• Readings for i2s protocol
• Sample driver code for pwm and i2s in project code extras

• Today we're going to learn a bit about the floating point format, which you can use in your projects if you'd like

• Look back to where we started and celebrate a great quarter of learning, making, and engineering together!
• What comes next?
• Bring your questions and share your feedback on the course.